First published in 1913, Alice Birkhead's Heroes of Modern Europe presents the lives and achievements of influential figures who shaped European history from the Middle Ages to the modern era. Through engaging biographical chapters, Birkhead examines figures including Dante, Lorenzo de' Medici, Savonarola, Martin Luther, Charles V, William the Silent, Henry of Navarre, Louis XIV, Peter the Great, Frederick the Great, Napoleon, Victor Emmanuel II, Garibaldi, Napoleon III, and Leo Tolstoy. Rather than offering a conventional chronological history, Birkhead uses the lives of these remarkable individuals to illuminate the political, religious, intellectual, and cultural forces that transformed Europe. This edition includes all eight original illustrations, preserving the visual character of the original 1913 publication and adding historical portraits and scenes to Birkhead's narrative.
