Muhammad Abduh was not merely a sheikh, preacher, or religious reformer who was motivated by the deteriorating religious conditions that had overshadowed the true spirit of the Islamic religion to reveal them and try to remove the dust that had accumulated on correct religious concepts over centuries of backwardness and intellectual decline. If all that Muhammad Abduh did in his life had been, that would have been enough for him as a virtue and honor. But above all that, he was a luminary of thought in the broadest sense that this meaning can reach, guided by him far and near. His certainty was limitless that reforming religious thought is inseparable from reforming thought in general, as both affect the other positively and negatively.