"Horticulture and Fruit Production: Step-by-Step" guides readers through the essentials of growing profitable cash crops like fruits, vegetables, flowers, and herbs. We explore how horticulture can drive agricultural and economic diversification, improving livelihoods by increasing farmer profits and diversifying nutrient-rich diets. Our book goes beyond the basics, covering topics like organic farming, bio-fertilizers, green manure, and composting. We provide detailed descriptions from soil conditions to fertilizers used for growing specific plants. The history and evolution of horticulture are also connected to the broader development of agriculture, with insights into how pre-modern practices were influenced by myth, superstition, folklore, and religion. This book aims to sharpen students' knowledge in horticulture, serving as a guide for those pursuing careers or higher studies in this field. We address common environmental factors that can stress plants and reduce yields. Major topics include an introduction to horticulture, factors affecting plant growth, biotechnology, organic farming, composting, NOP plans, and green manure.