This book deals with the fundamental principles underlying the environmental degradation of widely used and economically important construction materials. The invited contributions cover aspects such as the deterioration mechanisms of materials and metal corrosion, environmental pollutants, micro- and macro-climatic factors affecting degradation, the economic impact of damaging processes, and fundamental protection techniques for buildings, industrial and agricultural facilities, monuments, and culturally important objects. Basic details of ISO standards relating to the classification of atmospheric corrosivity and low corrosivity of indoor atmospheres are also included.